Libertarianism/American
About
American libertarianism is largely a plutocratic hijacking of what was basically a liberal philosophy. It starts from the same premise -- the importance of individual freedom -- but proceeds to sanctify the tools of the plutonomy while demonizing the only viable tools for resisting it.
They generally advocate the idea that "free markets" (by which they usually mean free-as-in-unregulated) will solve all economic problems (and beyond), all of which are due to government interference, and that therefore government should be reduced or eliminated altogether. (This latter variety is more accurately described as anarcho-capitalism.)
Some variants of the philosophy amount to something approaching religion -- a belief-without-evidence in the "invisible hand" of the market.