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[[category:US]]
[[category:Christianity]]
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{{fmt/title|"America is a Christian nation"|and similar claims}}
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==About==
It is often argued, especially by [[Biblical]] fundamentalists, that the {{USA}} is a [[Christian]] nation &ndash; that is, that one or both of the following are true:
* The country's laws (especially the Constitution) are based on [[Christian]] teachings, especially the [[Ten Commandments]].
* The [[founding fathers (US)|founding fathers]] intended to endorse and support Christianity, or Christian principles, by codifying them in law.
===Conclusions===
There does not seem to be any truth to these claims, and considerable evidence against:
* The Constitution codifies a principle known as [[separation of church and state]], specifically stating that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion" (Article I)
* The Constitution specifically prohibits requirements of religious affiliation for holding public office in the US (Article III)
** Some states, such as [[North Carolina/religious requirement|North Carolina]], do nonetheless make such requirements; this conflict has yet to be addressed.
* "[[In God We Trust]]" on US money and the phrase "[[under God]]" in the [[US Pledge of Allegiance]] were not part of the original design of the US and were not officially adopted until the 20th century, almost two centuries after the US was founded.
===Possible Common Ground===
One statement which those on both sides might be able to agree on is "The United States was founded on Judeo-Christian principles." (see [http://righttruth.typepad.com/right_truth/2007/10/is-america-a-ch.html] for an example of this claim.)

Some problems with this statement:
* It implies that those principles were adopted ''because'' of their Judeo-Christian origins, i.e. the founders were Christians and therefore sought to promote their native ideology as the best ideology to use for the basis of the new country &ndash; rather than choosing those principles, ''without'' regard to origin, solely on the basis of merit.
* It implies that Judeo-Christian religious thought should get credit for originating the ideas upon which the US was founded.
* It implies that Judeo-Christian religious thought (as embodied, perhaps, in the [[Bible]], or at least the Old Testament) is somehow the "real" law, of which the [[US Constitution]] is just a sort of representation, excerpt, or set of practical guidelines for application.

Also, as far as I know, nowhere in the Bible is the idea of [[democracy]] discussed, nor any of the ideas which are essential parts of democracy ([[freedom of speech]], [[freedom of the press]] &ndash; the press hadn't been invented in Biblical times anyhow, [[separation of powers]] including [[separation of church and state]], and so on). So Judeo-Christianity can hardly take credit for those, though perhaps it may be argued that all of those ideas are somehow derived from Judeo-Christian principles such as "love thy neighbor"; we'd need to see some specifics, however, in order to accept this.

So: if this claim is to be taken seriously, instead of saying "...Judeo-Christian principles", it should name [[Judeo-Christian principles|the principles involved]] &ndash; with which Judeo-Christianity can then duly credited as contributions towards the betterment of [[civilization]].
===The Constitution===
In the {{USA}}, the [[separation of church and state]] is spelled out in the {{l/wp|First Amendment to the United States Constitution}}, which prohibits the Federal legislature from making laws that:
* '''Establish a state religion or prefer certain religion''' (the "[[wikipedia:Establishment Clause of the First Amendment|Establishment Clause]]");
* '''Prohibit free exercise of religion''' (the "[[wikipedia:Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment|Free Exercise Clause]]");
* '''Infringe the [[freedom of speech]]''';
* Infringe the [[freedom of the press]];
* Limit the right to assemble peaceably;
* Limit the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

There are some areas where such separation is apparently ignored by tradition:
* By law, the country's currency now carries the motto "[[In God We Trust]]." ''(Need source: what law?)''
* Congress begins its sessions with a prayer.
* The words "under God" were, by law, added to the customary United States Pledge of Allegiance (on Flag Day in 1954).

There is obviously a vague area where "free exercise of religion" and "freedom of speech" come into contact with preventing the state from establishing or sanctioning a religion: a state-salaried teacher or principal (for example) arguably represents the voice of the state, which must be restrained by the establishment clause, but the same person is also an individual and has the rights of free speech and free exercise.
===Treaty of Tripoli===
The [[wikipedia:Treaty with Tripoli (1796)|Treaty with Tripoli]] states in part:
{{excerpt|from the Treaty with Tripoli, English translation:}}
As the Government of [[US|the United States of America]] is not, in any sense, founded on the [[Christian]] religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity, of [[Islam|Mussulmen]]; and, as the said States never entered into any war, or act of hostility against any [[Islam|Mahometan]] nation, it is declared by the parties, that no pretext arising from [[religious]] opinions, shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries.
{{-excerpt|}}
===notes===
Part of the problem with "including God" is that, while it includes the vast majority of religions present in the {{USA}}, which are mainly branches of Judeo-Christianity (or, more technically, {{l/wp|Abrahamic religion}}s), it ''does'' exclude some of them, and is therefore arguably "preferring a certain religion". It also specifically excludes [[atheist]]s and [[agnostic]]s, who are now much greater in number than they were at the time of the First Amendment and sometimes feel threatened or coerced by official sanction of ''any'' ideas whose sole justification is found within religious doctrine.

Need to find some specifics about the battles over displaying the [[Ten Commandments]] in (or outside of) court.

It should also be mentioned that many of the early settlers in the US, pre-1776, were fleeing [[religious persecution]], and hence were quite supportive of the [[separation of church and state]] as it ensured that they could never again be persecuted with the government's sanction. Those who would remove or weaken this separation have either forgotten this bit of history, or are sure enough that they would be in the majority that they are content to allow the persecution of heathens to resume.
==Outlinks==
{{links/smw}}
===Articles===
* [http://www.snopes.com/politics/religion/capital.asp Snopes] checks the claim that "Religious symbols and references abound in U.S. capital buildings and the words of America's founders", and finds it mostly false or misleading.
* [http://www.firstfreedomfirst.org/resources/dialogue Is America a Christian Nation?]: supposedly a dialogue between Rev. Dr. Welton Gaddy and Rev. Barry W. Lynn, although both seem to agree on pretty much everything including the necessity of [[separation of church and state]]. Significant events in the history of [[religion]] in the {{USA}} are discussed.
===Organizations===
* [http://www.au.org/ Americans United for Separation of Church and State]
===to file===
* '''2013-10-17''' [http://www.salon.com/2013/10/17/no_america_is_not_a_christian_nation_partner/ No, America is not a Christian nation] by [[Amanda Marcotte]]
* '''2007-10-18''' [http://righttruth.typepad.com/right_truth/2007/10/is-america-a-ch.html Is America a Christian Nation?] mainly addresses some significant side issues, but makes the claim "There is no question that this nation was founded on [[Judeo-Christian principles|Jewish-Christian principles]]."
* '''2007-10-03''' [http://www.talk2action.org/story/2007/10/3/131520/811 Is America a Christian Nation?]: "According to John Fea, writing for the [http://hnn.us/articles/42835.html History News Network], both the left and the right often answer this question the wrong way."
* '''2007-09-24''' [http://www.talk2action.org/story/2007/9/24/93051/9014 Chuck Norris Rewrites US History] by Bruce Wilson
===Humor===
* '''2005-04-06''' ''I Drew This'': [http://www.idrewthis.org/d/20050406.html Thomas Jefferson] ([http://www.idrewthis.org/d/20070501.html longer, color version] from 2007-05-01)

==Quotes==
<small>''Kudos to [http://davidbrin.blogspot.com/2009/02/now-is-winter-of-our-discontent-made.html?showComment=1233759540000#c6819932156032952284 Anonymous] on [[Contrary Brin]] for some of these quotes''</small>
===[[US founding fathers|Founding Fathers]]===
* "This would be the best of all possible worlds, if there were no religion in it." — [[John Adams]]
* "Ecclesiastical establishments tend to great ignorance and corruption, all of which facilitate the execution of mischievous projects." — [[James Madison]]
* "I do not believe in the creed professed by the Jewish Church, by the Roman Church, by the Greek Church, by the Turkish Church, by the Protestant Church, nor by any Church that I know of. My own mind is my own Church. Each of those churches accuse the other of unbelief; and for my own part, I disbelieve them all." — [[Thomas Paine]]
====[[Thomas Jefferson]]====
* "Millions of innocent men, women and children, since the introduction of Christianity, have been burnt, tortured, fined, imprisoned; yet we have not advanced an inch towards uniformity. What has been the effect of coercion? To make one half the world fools, and the other half hypocrites. To support roguery and error all over the earth."
* "I do not find in orthodox Christianity one redeeming feature."
====[[Benjamin Franklin]]====
* "When a religion is good, I conceive it will support itself; and when it does not support itself so that its professors are obliged to call for the help of the civil power, 'tis a sign, I apprehend, of its being a bad one."
* "The way to see by faith is to shut the eye of reason." &ndash; ''[[Poor Richard's Almanack]]'', 1758